Topiramato [INN-Spanish]
Brand names,
Topiramato [INN-Spanish]
Analogs
Topiramato [INN-Spanish]
Brand Names Mixture
Topiramato [INN-Spanish]
Chemical_Formula
C12H21NO8S
Topiramato [INN-Spanish]
RX_link
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic2/topiram.htm
Topiramato [INN-Spanish]
fda sheet
Topiramato [INN-Spanish]
msds (material safety sheet)
Topiramato [INN-Spanish]
Synthesis Reference
No information avaliable
Topiramato [INN-Spanish]
Molecular Weight
339.363 g/mol
Topiramato [INN-Spanish]
Melting Point
No information avaliable
Topiramato [INN-Spanish]
H2O Solubility
9.8 mg/mL
Topiramato [INN-Spanish]
State
Solid
Topiramato [INN-Spanish]
LogP
0.712
Topiramato [INN-Spanish]
Dosage Forms
Capsule (15 and 25 mg sprinkle capsules); Tablet (25, 50, 100, and 200 mg)
Topiramato [INN-Spanish]
Indication
Used for the treatment and control of partial seizures and severe tonic-clonic (grand mal) seizures and also for the prevention of migraine headaches. In children it is also used for treatment of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.
Topiramato [INN-Spanish]
Pharmacology
Topiramate is an anticonvulsant indicated in the treatment of epilepsy and migraine. Topiramate enhances GABA-activated chloride channels. In addition, topiramate inhibits excitatory neurotransmission, through actions on kainate and AMPA receptors. There is evidence that topiramate has a specific effect on GluR5 kainate receptors. It is also an inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase, particular subtypes II and IV, but this action is weak and unlikely to be related to its anticonvulsant actions, but may account for the bad taste and the development of renal stones seen during treatment. Its possible effect as a mood stabilizer seems to occur before anticonvulsant qualities at lower dosages. Topiramate inhibits maximal electroshock and pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures as well as partial and secundarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures in the kindling model, findings predective of a broad spectrum of antiseizure activities clinically.
Topiramato [INN-Spanish]
Absorption
Rapid with pleak plasma concentrations occurring after 2 hours and a bioavailability of 80%.
Topiramato [INN-Spanish]
side effects and Toxicity
Symptoms of overdose include abdominal pain, agitation, blurred vision, convulsions, depression, dizziness, double vision, drowsiness, impaired coordination, impaired mental activity, low blood pressure, reduced consciousness, severe diarrhea, sluggishness, and speech problems.
Topiramato [INN-Spanish]
Patient Information
Topamax is an antiepileptic drug, prescribed to control both the mild attacks known as partial seizures and the
severe tonic-clonic convulsions known as grand mal seizures. It is typically added to the treatment regimen when
other drugs fail to fully control a patient's attacks.
Topamax is also prescribed for the prevention of migraine headaches (also known as prophylactic treatment).
However, due to a lack of studies, it's not known whether the drug can treat acute migraine attacks.
Because Topamax sometimes causes confusion, dizziness, fatigue, and problems with coordination and concentration,
you should not drive, operate machinery, or participate in any hazardous activity that requires full mental alertness
until you are certain how the drug affects you.
Topamax has been known to cause a potentially serious condition known as metabolic acidosis (an increase of acid
in the blood). In children, chronic metabolic acidosis may affect growth or cause rickets (a softening or weakness of
the bones that can lead to bone deformities). Contact your doctor immediately if you experience symptoms of metabolic
acidosis such as rapid breathing, an irregular heartbeat, confusion, lethargy, fatigue, or loss of appetite. Your
doctor will decide if you should discontinue taking Topamax. Do not abruptly stop taking Topamax on your own; your
doctor will gradually taper the dosage to avoid an increase in seizures.
Topamax has been known to trigger severe nearsightedness along with increased pressure inside the eye. The problem
usually occurs within 1 month of starting treatment. If you develop blurred vision or eye pain, call your doctor
immediately. Discontinuation of the drug may be necessary to prevent permanent vision loss.
In children with chronic diarrhea or untreated kidney disorders, use of Topamax may lead to rickets and reduced
growth rates.
Tell your doctor if you have kidney problems or if you are on hemodialysis; your dosage of Topamax may need
adjustment. Elderly patients in particular may experience reduced kidney function when taking Topamax. Also make sure
the doctor is aware of any liver disorder you may have. Topamax must be used cautiously by individuals with impaired
liver function.
Anyone using Topamax, particularly children, should be carefully monitored by their doctor for signs of increased
body temperature or decreased sweating, especially during hot weather.
In rare instances, suicide attempts have been reported in people taking Topamax.
Topiramato [INN-Spanish]
Organisms Affected
Humans and other mammals